Flexibility Reserve of Self-Consumption Optimized Energy Systems in the Household Sector

Energy generation and consumption in the power grid must be balanced at every single moment. Within synchronous area of continental Europe, flexible generators loads can provide Frequency Containment Reserve Restoration marketed through balancing markets. The Transmission System Operators use these flexibilities to maintain or restore frequency when there are deviations. This paper shows future flexibility potential Germany’s household sector, particular for single-family twin homes 2025 2030 with assumption that households primarily optimize their self-consumption. primary focus is directed Electric Vehicles, Heat Pumps, Photovoltaics Battery Storage Systems. A total 10 different system configurations were considered combined a weighted average based on scenario framework German Grid Development Plan. generation, storage units simulated mixed-integer linear programming model create time series self-consumption optimized households. solved unit commitment problem each decentralized individual configurations. Finally, evaluated then aggregated Germany-wide profile homes. results indicate sector contribute significantly stabilization an 30 GW negative 3 positive 2025. In 2030, corresponding potentially increase 90 GW, respectively. underlines considerable reserves could provided by future.